Deliberative Mapping: What is it?
Professionals in the water and environmental sector taking part in a Deliberative Mapping workshop.
Kavindra Paranage, Senior Research Associate at the University of East Anglia and an affiliate at the Monash Sustainable Development Institute, explains how Deliberative Mapping workshops have the ability to offer us fresh insights into some of the issues facing the water sector.
Deliberative Mapping is a participatory decision-making method designed to evaluate complex, uncertain, and contentious issues by integrating diverse perspectives. Unlike traditional engagement methods that seek public reactions to pre-defined solutions, Deliberative Mapping actively involves both experts and non-experts in shaping the problem definition, establishing evaluation criteria, and systematically assessing potential solutions. The process typically includes structured discussions, scenario-based assessments, and weighting of different priorities to identify trade-offs and areas of consensus.
Originally developed for decision-making in areas like healthcare, environmental governance, and technology policy, Deliberative Mapping is particularly valuable in contexts where multiple stakeholder groups hold differing values, interests, and knowledge systems. By broadening the scope of discussion beyond narrow technical solutions, Deliberative Mapping fosters more inclusive and well-rounded deliberation on policy and planning challenges.
When is Deliberative Mapping most effective?
Deliberative Mapping is particularly effective in situations where standard decision-making processes fail to capture the full complexity of an issue or where dominant institutions tend to frame problems in ways that exclude alternative perspectives. In the context of water governance, for example, traditional engagement often focuses on gathering public input on pre-determined technological or infrastructure solutions. Deliberative Mapping, in contrast, allows for a more holistic exploration of possible futures by incorporating considerations of governance, social equity, environmental sustainability, and public trust alongside technical and financial feasibility.
By encouraging participants to articulate their own values and priorities, rather than simply reacting to institutional proposals, Deliberative Mapping helps to surface hidden assumptions, reduce decision-making blind spots, and generate more socially legitimate and sustainable solutions. This makes it particularly well-suited for addressing systemic challenges where uncertainty, trade-offs, and competing priorities must be carefully navigated.
The University of East Anglia (UEA) has already conducted a Deliberative Mapping workshop with specialist stakeholders in the UK water sector, engaging representatives from water companies, regulators, and industry associations. This initial workshop provided key insights into how professionals perceive and evaluate different water futures, revealing both areas of consensus and points of divergence.
What’s next?
The next phase of the project will expand the Deliberative Mapping process to include water-smart communities, ranging from those participating in behaviour change initiatives and technology rollout programmes to off-grid communities managing their own water systems.
Engaging these diverse communities is critical to ensuring that future water governance strategies reflect the full range of lived experiences, values, and priorities beyond institutional perspectives. Communities involved in structured interventions - such as smart water metering, conservation incentives, and demand management programmes - offer insights into how policy mechanisms translate into real-world behaviours.
Meanwhile, off-grid and self-managed communities bring alternative models of water stewardship that challenge mainstream assumptions about infrastructure, ownership, and resilience. By incorporating these perspectives, the Deliberative Mapping process will help identify blind spots in existing decision-making frameworks and support the development of more adaptable, equitable, and publicly legitimate approaches to water governance.
Upcoming workshop findings will be published on the EWSC Medium page.